Understanding PCOS: What Causes It and How You Can Treat It
If you've been diagnosed with PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) or suspect you might have it, you’re not alone. PCOS affects up to 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. And yet, it’s still widely misunderstood.
Let’s change that. Today, we’re breaking down what causes PCOS and how you can take control of your health with real, science-backed treatment options.
PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects how your ovaries work.
What Exactly Is PCOS?
PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects how your ovaries work. It’s called "polycystic" because many women with PCOS have multiple small cysts on their ovaries. But not everyone with PCOS has cysts — and not all ovarian cysts mean you have PCOS.
The bigger story? PCOS is about hormone imbalance and metabolic dysfunction.
What Causes PCOS?
There isn’t a single cause of PCOS. Instead, several factors work together:
Insulin Resistance: Many women with PCOS have higher levels of insulin — the hormone that helps regulate blood sugar. When your body becomes resistant to insulin, it produces more to compensate, which can drive up androgen (male hormone) levels.
Hormonal Imbalances: Women with PCOS often have higher levels of androgens like testosterone. This can disrupt ovulation and cause symptoms like acne, excess hair growth, and irregular periods.
Genetics: PCOS tends to run in families. If your mother or sister has it, your risk may be higher.
Chronic Inflammation: Low-grade inflammation is common in PCOS and can contribute to insulin resistance and higher androgen levels.
It’s important to know: You did not cause your PCOS. It’s a medical condition — not a personal failure.
Symptoms of PCOS
PCOS can show up differently in every woman, but common symptoms include:
Irregular or missed periods
Difficulty getting pregnant
Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
Acne
Excess hair growth (face, chest, back)
Thinning hair on the scalp
Dark patches of skin (especially on the neck or underarms)
How Is PCOS Treated?
There’s no "cure" for PCOS — but there are many effective ways to manage it and reclaim your health.
Here’s what can help:
1. Lifestyle Changes
Nutrition: Focus on a balanced, anti-inflammatory diet rich in whole foods, fiber, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Reducing processed carbs and sugar can help improve insulin sensitivity.
Exercise: Regular movement (especially strength training and cardio) improves insulin resistance and supports hormonal balance.
Stress Management: Chronic stress affects your hormones, so practices like mindfulness, meditation, or even simple deep breathing can make a real difference.
2. Medications
Depending on your symptoms and goals, your doctor might recommend:
Birth Control Pills: To regulate periods and lower androgen levels.
Metformin: A medication that improves insulin sensitivity.
Anti-Androgen Medications: To reduce acne and excess hair growth.
Fertility Treatments: If pregnancy is a goal, medications like clomiphene or letrozole can help stimulate ovulation.
3. Hormone Therapy
For some women, hormone therapy (carefully managed and customized) can play a key role in restoring balance and protecting long-term health.
4. Supportive Care
You don’t have to navigate PCOS alone. Working with a team that understands both the medical and emotional side of PCOS — including OB-GYNs, endocrinologists, nutritionists, and coaches — can change everything.
Hope and Healing Are Possible
PCOS is common, but it’s also manageable. With the right plan, you can:
Regulate your cycles
Improve your skin
Boost your fertility
Protect your long-term health
Feel more in control of your body again
You deserve answers. You deserve options. And you deserve to feel empowered every step of the way.
Let’s Connect
Schedule an Appointment | LinkedIn | YouTube | Instagram | Bona Dea Gynecology
